Abstract: The principles of strength and structure equivalence were used in designing the equivalent targets of wings to achieve the assessment of vulnerability. The damage of components can be analogized by the research taken on the targets. The dynamic blast loading taken on targets was conducted by detonating the TNT explosive in different stand-off distances. The dynamic responses and failure modes of two typical materials were revealed. The relation between the peak value of overpressure and the final deformation of targets was obtained after analysis. Moreover, a damage criterion on composite was established.