Abstract: For studying the mountainous rural road alignment and solving the problem of high road-side risk, the safety improvements for rural mountainous road alignment was studied. The GPS was used to get road alignment information, including center-line, edge-line, and topography combined with the existing transport facilities layout. The safety level of dangerous road sections are evaluated and classified according to the hazardous features of the rural roads. From a traffic safety point of view, the road alignment improvements and the optimal methods of traffic safety facilities were proposed. Then the position and the speed of vehicles travelling in rural mountainous roads were obtained based on GPS, by which the improved road safety situation is evaluated. The results indicated that safety situation for driving in rural mountainous roads improved greatly.