轮式车辆变速箱换挡拨叉断裂的累积损伤研究
Fracture of Shifting-Yoke in the Gear-Box for a Wheeled Chariot Based on Miner's Accumulated Damage Theory
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摘要: 以轮式车辆变速箱换挡拨叉为研究对象,寻找拨叉在使用过程中突然断裂的原因和理论依据.从材料学角度观察断口形貌,确定拨叉是由于疲劳损伤而断裂;利用非线性有限元分析软件MSC Marc和疲劳分析软件MSC Fatigue对拨叉在理论设计换挡载荷1 350 N工况下进行校核,强度和寿命满足设计要求.对不同换挡力工况拨叉受力状态和使用寿命进行仿真计算,根据Miner疲劳累积损伤理论和拨叉使用时间推断,拨叉实际承受换挡载荷应在1 4001 800 N之间,超出设计载荷,则会由于累积损伤导致疲劳断裂.Abstract: Shifting-yoke of a gear-box for a wheeled chariot is investigated to make out the causes of fracture failure in the process of use.From the angle of materials,the failure is found to be caused by fatigue damage.By calculating with a shifting design load of 1?350?N with non-liner finite element software MSC Marc and fatigue life software MSC Fatigue,the strength and life of the shifting-yoke can meet the design requirements.Stress and life are calculated under a wide range of loads.Following Miner's accumulated damage theory and time of use of the shifting-yoke,the practical shifting load should be between 1?400~1?800?N,which is beyond the design load,will result in damage accumulation and fatigue fracture.
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