空载湿式离合器宽速域带排转矩模型与验证

Development and Validation of a Wide-Speed-Range Drag Torque Model for Wet Clutches under No-Load Conditions

  • 摘要: 针对宽速域的离合器带排问题,建立了一种同时考虑摩擦副间隙完整油膜区和油膜破裂区黏性摩擦影响的低速带排转矩模型.考虑间隙流场的弹性力/力矩、阻尼力/力矩,以及摩擦片所受的碰撞力、不平衡离心力矩以及陀螺力矩等构建了摩擦片流固耦合动力学模型,通过求解模型确定出了高速摩擦副的碰撞力和由碰撞引起的摩擦转矩,形成了高速碰摩带排转矩确定方法. 在此基础上,结合黏性带排转矩和碰摩带排转矩的特点,构建了由黏性和碰摩带排转矩共同组成的宽速域湿式离合器带排转矩统一模型;开展了宽速域范围湿式离合器带排转矩特性的仿真与试验研究. 结果表明:带排转矩随转速呈现先增大、后减小、再增大的变化趋势,此外润滑油温度越高、润滑油流量越小或摩擦副初始间隙越大,则由黏性摩擦引起的峰值带排转矩越小,且出现峰值带排转矩的摩擦片工作转速亦越低.

     

    Abstract: To address the problem of clutch drag across a broad speed domain, a low-speed drag torque model considering the effects of viscous friction in both fully lubricated and oil film rupture regions of the clearance between friction pairs was developed. Subsequently, a fluid-structure interaction dynamic model of friction plates was established by incorporating elastic and damping forces/torques in the clearance flow field, as well as the collision forces, unbalanced centrifugal moments, and gyroscopic moments acting on the friction plates. By solving this model, collision forces and resulting friction torques at high speeds were determined, forming a method for evaluating impact-induced drag torque under high-speed conditions. On this basis, a unified drag torque model applicable across a wide speed range was proposed, combining both viscous drag torque and impact-induced drag torque. Finally, simulation and experimental studies were conducted to investigate the characteristics of drag torque in wet clutches over a wide speed range. The results show that the drag torque exhibits a non-monotonic trend with increasing speed: it first increases, then decreases, and subsequently rises again. Furthermore, the peak viscous drag torque decreases with higher lubricant temperatures, lower lubrication flow rates, or larger initial clearances between friction pairs, and the operating speed at which the peak drag torque occurs shifts to a lower value under these conditions.

     

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