约束环境下的机械臂运动规划

Motion Planning of Robotic Arms in Constrained Environments

  • 摘要: 针对实际档案库房操作空间的动态约束性,常见的运动规划算法难以满足快速在线规划的问题,分别从规划速度和动态空间在线规划两个方向进行研究. 首先,提出一种新型快速搜索随机树法(rapidly-exploring random trees,RRT),基于剪枝和路径细化策略能够大幅减少无用节点计算和冗余路径运动. 其次,将人工势场法与RRT算法相结合,新节点拓展时会受到期望为当前势场合力的高斯分布的影响,在满足对动态障碍物的在线运动规划的同时提高了算法的拓展能力. 最后,通过仿真结果证明,新型RRT算法在拓展效率上的高效性和混合运动规划算法在动态规划和探索效率上的优越性.

     

    Abstract: In view of the dynamic constraints of actual archive storage spaces, conventional motion planning algorithms are inadequate for fast online planning. Research was conducted in two directions: planning speed and online planning in dynamic spaces. First, a novel rapidly-exploring random trees (RRT) method was proposed. By using pruning and path-refinement strategies, it significantly reduced the computation of unnecessary nodes and redundant path motions. Second, an artificial potential field method was integrated with the RRT algorithm. During new-node expansion, node sampling was influenced by a Gaussian distribution whose expected value was the current resultant potential field force. This improved the expansion capability while enabling online planning for dynamic obstacles. Simulation results show that the new RRT algorithm achieves high expansion efficiency, and the hybrid planning algorithm demonstrates superior performance in dynamic planning and exploration efficiency.

     

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