Abstract: In order to study the damage of high-intensity laser ablation to aluminum targets, a series of experiments with different laser energies were conducted. A high-speed schlieren photography technique with a double-pulse laser as background light source was used to observe the flow field of laser ablation on aluminum. The ablation characteristics of the aluminum target under different laser energies were obtained. A two-dimensional computation model for high-intensity laser ablation on aluminum targets was established, and the processes of pulse laser ablation on aluminum targets with different energies were conducted. The influences of the pulse laser energy on ablation depth were obtained. Numerical simulation of the process of continuous laser ablation of aluminum targets with large light spot was conducted. The ablation depth and ablation morphology under gravity and no gravity were compared and analyzed. The results show that the ablation depth under gravity is less than that without gravity, and the ablation area is greater than that without gravity.