Abstract: Battle damage assessment of weapon equipment component level is the foundation to realize exact equipment support simulation during the war, as well as the basis to forecast wartime exact service. Taking the high explosive shell against main-battle tank as example, an interaction model was built for target and warhead based on finite element analysis. Based on a component damage criteria described with probability form, the main-battle tank barrel's critical damage thickness was analyzed. Results show that the critical penetration depth of gun barrel muzzle and turret is 35mm and 85mm respectively. A finite element interaction program was developed for the main-battle tank and grenade fragments, and carried out an example calculation. Research results can be applied to damage assessment of grenade fragment against other weapon equipment components, which provides support for the battle repair and accurate maintenance support.