Abstract: New-quality productivity is a new type of high-quality productivity that takes new qualities as its carrier and aims at new qualities, and it is a developmental change of the previous productivity. Scientific and technological innovation is the core element of the development of new quality productivity, and the key to the development of new quality productivity lies in original and disruptive scientific and technological innovations, which involve many uncertainties and new ethical risks. In the face of the insurmountable negative effects brought about by the development of new quality productivity, especially scientific and technological innovation, ethical constraints should become an intrinsic dimension of the healthy development of modern science and technology. Based on the development of new qualitative productivity, we will analyze the theoretical connotation of new quality productivity, the ethical risks brought by disruptive scientific and technological innovations, as well as risk prevention and control, and elaborate on its ethical risks from three dimensions: tradition and reality, individual and whole, and the present and the future, so as to reveal the ethical orientation of the future development of new quality productivity, and thus provide reference for the high-quality development of new quality productivity in the future.