Abstract: The high-quality development of higher education is an important support for Chinese-style modernization. The development model and path of higher education will be affected by its own logic and external environment, and the spiritual connection between higher education and the country will reflect the spiritual interaction between the individual and the community. From the perspective of the constitution, this paper expounded the constitutional connotation, substantive value and normative structure of the high-quality development of higher education, established the status of the higher education system in the national governance system, and clarified the dynamic adjustment mechanism of “basic rights-state obligations” in higher education. The practical problems of high-quality development of higher education were analyzed through constitutional causes, and the construction of an institutional system for high-quality development of higher education was proposed from three aspects: system integration of the essence and spirit of higher education, the system response to the demand for fairness in higher education, and system guarantee of higher education personnel training. The practical path lays a solid talent foundation for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.