WTO气候变化诉讼第一案述评
Comment on the First WTO Climate Change Case
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摘要: 气候变化政策与WTO规则存在较大的冲突,加拿大可再生能源/固定电价案是WTO体制下气候变化诉讼第一案.从专家组和上诉机构针对该案所发布的裁决来看,依据WTO的相关规则特别是补贴规则来看,一国应对气候变化所采取的补贴措施引发诸多争议,如补贴主体的认定、财政资助的判断和利益的分析等法律问题.从应对气候变化的角度来看,政府的补贴措施是应对气候变化的有效手段.在现行的WTO规则下,气候变化补贴政策的合法性存在不确定性,WTO补贴规则亟待改革.Abstract: The conflict between climate change and international trade has entered into WTO. Canada-feed-in-tariff was the first case about conflict between climate change and global trade. According to the reports issued by DSB,under the rule of WTO subsidy policies implemented by governments covering subsidizing entities,fiscal assistance and benefit analysis cause lots of disputes. From the perspective of climate change response,subsidy is vital for climate change mitigation. In order to implement subsidy rule about climate change without violation of WTO rule,subsidy rule under WTO should be reformed.
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