中国物流业环境全要素生产率增长研究——基于MML生产率指数的实证分析
The Growth of Environmental TPF of China's Logistics Industry—An Empirical Analysis based on the MML Index
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摘要: 将能源消耗引入投入变量, 以碳排放为副产出, 运用基于松弛测度(SBM)的方向性距离函数, 构造共同边界—曼奎斯特—卢恩伯格(MML)生产率指数, 测度2003—2012年中国30个省份的物流业环境全要素生产率。研究表明:中国物流业的环境全要素生产率增长缓慢, 增长动力主要源于技术进步, 能源、劳动力、资本等生产要素的利用效率无明显改善, 物流业存在高能耗、高投入、增加值产出低、污染排放高的现象。中国东部、中部、西部地区存在明显的技术落差, 东部地区依靠技术进步处于潜在技术前沿, 西部地区形成了对东部地区的追赶效应, 但中部地区与技术前沿的落差逐渐拉大。认为, 大力提高生产要素的利用效率, 加快东部地区向中部、西部地区的技术转移与扩散, 应成为物流业发展的重点。Abstract: Using SBM directional distance function and Metafrontier-Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index, this paper evaluated environmental total factor productivity(TFP)of China's logistics industry during 2003—2012 with energy consumption as one of the inputs and carbon emission as a bad output. The results show that, the growth of environmental TFP of China's logistics industry is very low. The growth contribution is mainly from the technology progress. However, the utilization effect of energy, labor, and capital does not improve. There is the phenomenon of high energy consumption, high input, low value output and high emission. There also is a technical gap between the Eastern Region and the Central and Western Region. The Eastern Region leads the technical frontier due to its higher technical progress. The Western Region is catching up to the frontier, the Central Region, however, is widening the gap with the frontier. The utilization efficiency of production factors and the technical diffusion effect from the Eastern Region to the Central and Western Region should be improved.
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