Abstract: Two kinds of construction industry energy efficiency indexes are defined, namely the construction industry energy economic efficiency and the construction industry energy environmental efficiency. The study measure two kinds of energy efficiency and their decomposition indexes of China's construction industry from 2004 to 2011, and test the impacts of different kinds of external factors on energy economic efficiency and energy environmental efficiency of China's construction industry. Results show that the average energy efficiency of China's construction industry by area is increased, while low construction energy pure technical efficiency is the main reason for restricting our country's construction industry energy efficiency. Some measures should be taken to improve the energy efficiency of construction industry, such as regulating the construction industry market, increasing energy-saving technology innovation and improving the proportion of electric power of clean energy consumption, etc.